The Nemuro City Museum of History and Nature collects, stores, and exhibits historical and natural materials from Nemuro City and its surroundings.
In addition to archaeological materials excavated from ruins in the city, materials related to the arrival in Nemuro of Laxman, the first Russian envoy to Japan, and historical materials such as border markers in Karafuto, the museum also displays natural materials such as Blakiston's fish owl and sea otters, which are characteristic of the area.
The museum also conducts surveys and research on the history and nature of Nemuro City and its surrounding area using these stored materials. Based on the results of these surveys and research, the museum holds special exhibitions, tours, curatorial lectures, and other activities to promote the museum.
The brick building was constructed in 1942 as the Nemuro Detachment of the Ominato Naval Signal Corps. After the Pacific War, the building was used as the Hanasaki Port Elementary School, but since 1990, it has been used as the Nemuro City Folk Materials Preservation Center to collect and store local materials, and in October 2004, it was approved as the Nemuro City Museum of History and Nature.